EP0365664B1 Use of synthetic l carnitine in food for domestic dogs or cats Google Patents Low Level of Supplemental Dietary L carnitine Increases Energy Expenditure in Overweight, But Not Lean, Cats Fed a Moderate Ener Dietary l Carnitine Supplementation in Obese Cats Alters Carnitine Metabolism and Decreases Ketosis during Fasting and Induced Hepatic Lipidosis ScienceDirect L carnitine is primarily synthesized in the liver from the amino acids lysine and methionine through a series of four enzymatic reactions, with the liver and kidneys converting the precursor butyrobetaine into active