l Carnitine reduces reactive oxygen species endoplasmic reticulum stress and maintains mitochondrial function during autophagy mediated cell apoptosis in perfluorooctanesulfonate treated renal tubular cells Scientific Reports PDF) The Effects of L Carnitine L Tartrate Supplementation on Hormonal Responses to Resistance Exercise and Recovery l Carnitine pretreatment ameliorates heat stress induced acute kidney injury by restoring mitochondrial function of tubular cells American Journal of Physiology Renal Physiology American Physiological Society Healthy According to a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial published in Elsevier journal Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders (2013), l carnitine supplementation demonstrated a significant therapeutic benefit in children